This rite required the Inca to sacrifice the best and healthiest amongst them. The latter two would have been used to sedate the child, said to be a common practice used by the Incas before they sacrificed their victims. Scientists at TIGR examined two mitochondrial DNA D loop sequences and found that Hypervariable region 1 (HV1) was consistent with mitochondrial haplogroup A2, one of the four Native American gene groups. This find was made possible thanks to the melting of Mount Ampato’s snowcap, which was caused by volcanic ash that came from the eruption of a nearby volcano. [17][4] Incan belief at the time was that mountains (and their spirits) controlled weather and water and, thus, were intertwined with the villages below. At Ancient Origins, we believe that one of the most important fields of knowledge we can pursue as human beings is our beginnings. If it weren’t for volcanic activity, it’s possible that the mummified young girl would have continued to sit in on the frozen mountain top for centuries to come. [Online] Available at: http://www.mummytombs.com/featured/juanita.html, Flowers, L. A., 2018. One of them was thought to be a mummified child as it has the appearance of a “small human”. Meet The Inca Ice Maiden, Perhaps The Best-Preserved Mummy In Human History. Ampato had left the mummy incredibly intact. ( Destylou- Historia ). Today the mummy is kept in a special preservation case. After her death, sometime between 1450 and 1480, Juanita would sit alone in the mountains until she was uncovered in September 1995 by anthropologist Johan Reinhard and his Peruvian climbing partner, Miguel Zárate. The body was initially kept in a special refrigerator at the Catholic University.[5]. Joel Stice is a writer who enjoys digging into all things pop culture, history, science, and anything weird. She was discovered on the dormant stratovolcano Mount Ampato (part of the Andes cordillera) in southern Peru in 1995 by anthropologist Johan Reinhard and his Peruvian climbing partner, Miguel Zárate. [2] Between May and June 1996, she was exhibited in the headquarters of the National Geographic Society in Washington, D.C., in a specially acclimatized conservation display unit. 2015. The blow caused a massive hemorrhage, filling her skull with blood and pushing her brain to one side. “mummy unwrappng parties” of Victorian England. It indicates that this girl was selected as a sacrificial victim about a year before her actual death. Her days leading up to her death, however, were very different than the lifestyle of a typical Inca girl. Momia Juanita(Spanishfor "Mummy Juanita"), also known as the Inca Ice Maidenand Lady of Ampato, is the well-preserved frozen bodyof an Incangirl who was killed as an offering to the Inca gods sometime between 1450 and 1480, at approximately 11–15 years old. Since there is no specific analysis of Juanita it is inconclusive if she came from a noble family or not. The discovery of such a well-preserved mummy instantly created a surge of interest throughout the scientific community. Ceremonial offerings happened annually, seasonally, or upon special occasions. The genetic background of modern day Europe can often be a complicated topic to talk about. While the Incas would eventually perfect this drug mixture — which, coupled with the mountainous high altitudes, would cause the child sacrifices to fall into a permanent sleep — Juanita wasn’t so lucky. Juanita Mummy Arequipa: The Incan Ice Maiden. But because of the volcanic activity warming the snow though, Mt. Near the end of the High Middle Ages, mechanical technology such as clocks and water mills, for example, were becoming quite advanced. They also found many items that had been left as offerings to the Inca gods including llama bones, small figurines and pottery pieces. She was mummified by freezing conditions on the mountain top, instead of being artificially mummified, as is the case with Egyptian mummies. Markers in her hair indicate that she was selected for sacrifice about a year before her actual death and switched from a standard Inca diet of potatoes and vegetables to the more elite foods of animal protein and maze, along with large quantities of coca and alcohol. Mystery Hill Megaliths May Be 4,000 Years Old—Did Celts Build It? Momia Juanita (‘Mummy Juanita’) is the name given to the mummy of a 15th century Incan girl who was discovered in Peru in 1995. The Real Story of Medusa: Protective Powers from a Snake-Haired Gorgon. Archaeologists have proposed that these objects, along with food, coca leaves, and chicha, an alcoholic drink distilled from corn, would have been brought by the priests as they led the girl up the mountain. DNA Tests to Seek Modern Relatives of 800-Year-Old Mummified Boy, Analysis Shows Children were Given Drugs and Alcohol before Ritual Sacrifice 500 Years Ago, Genetic Analysis of a Frozen Andean Mummy Reveals a Previously Unknown Lineage, Peruvian Mummy Taken to Children’s Hospital for Revealing X-rays, Ancient Peruvian Mummy Surprises Researchers with Antibiotic-Resistant Genes, http://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/new-inca-ceremonial-complex-discovered-peru-may-contain-evidence-human-020578, http://www.ancient-origins.net/history/analysis-shows-children-were-given-drugs-and-alcohol-ritual-sacrifice-500-years-ago-008571, http://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/genetic-analysis-frozen-andean-mummy-reveals-previously-unknown-lineage-020624, Ancient Egyptians Went Wild for Bird Mummy Offerings. [Online] Available at: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/ice-mummies-inca.html, Deem, J. M., 2017. In its June 1996 issue, National Geographic included an article dedicated to the discovery of Juanita. These included statues, food items (maize kernels and cob), and spondylus shells, which originate from ocean ecosystems. During a second expedition up the mountain in October of the same year, the frozen mummies of two more individuals were uncovered in a lower area of Mount Ampato. Next, read up on Xin Zhui, a.k.a. about Tales of a Two-headed Giant: Are the Legends of Kap Dwa Real? To their astonishment, the bundle turned out to contain the frozen body of a young girl. Sacrifices during this time of empire expansion would infix a combination of respect and fear while further embedding devotion.[7]. Are You My Mummy? The two individuals discovered a month later were also children, and it has been speculated that they may have been companion sacrifices to Mummy Juanita’s on the top of the mountain. Another scientific analysis that revealed interesting information about Momia Juanita’s life is the isotopic analysis of her hair, which was made possible as it was so well preserved. The Evidence is Cut in Stone: A Compelling Argument for Lost High Technology in Ancient Egypt, Beaver's teeth 'used to carve the oldest wooden statue in the world’, An Unbreakable Story: The Lost Roman Invention of Flexible Glass, Synchronizing Science and Religion? Water is a life-giving source and was perceived to be connected with femininity and fertility. [10][11][12], Radiologist Elliot K. Fishman concluded that she was killed by blunt trauma to the head. Viruses Sleeping in Mummies—Could Ancient Corpses Lead to Modern Epidemics? And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there exists countless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts that have yet to be discovered and explained. Juanita was wrapped in a brightly coloured burial tapestry (or "aksu"). 2015. Once the victim was in this intoxicated state, the priests would carry out the sacrifice. "Mummy Juanita: The Sacrifice of the Inca Ice Maiden", "Stable isotope and DNA evidence for ritual sequences in Inca child sacrifice", Tests on 'Ice Maiden' reveal Pacific links, "Fatal Head Injury: Cracked Eye Socket and Skull Fracture", "Wikipedia Child Sacrifice in pre-Colombian cultures", "The complete mitogenome of a 500-year-old Inca child mummy", Andes Expedition: Searching For Inca Secrets, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mummy_Juanita&oldid=983239637, 15th-century indigenous people of the Americas, Articles lacking reliable references from May 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 13 October 2020, at 02:36. An Inca Ice Maiden: Meet Juanita the mummy. Her head was adorned with a cap made from the feathers of a red macaw, and she wore a colorful woolen alpacashawl fastened with a silver clasp. The Vikings’ next step out into the Atlantic – the discovery and settlement of Iceland – is one of the best documented events of the Viking Age. Her skin, organs, tissues, blood, hair, stomach contents, and garments are extremely well-preserved, offering scientists a rare glimpse into Inca culture during the reign of the Sapa Inca Pachacuti (reigned 1438–1471/1472). Her other nickname, the Ice Maiden, derives from the cold conditions and freezing temperatures that preserved her body on Mount Ampato.[1]. Considering that Juanita’s body was discovered atop Ampato, a volcano in the Andes, her sacrifice very likely played into the Inca’s mountain worship. Scientific analyses of Momia Juanita have also revealed various interesting details about her life and death. Scientists were able to use DNA from Juanita’s well-preserved hair to create a timeline of those days and deduce what her diet was like before capacocha.

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