0000000016 00000 n ��܇{^�eA��,j�U��)\��$h�v���D��� startxref %PDF-1.5 1014 z późn. <> 5 0 obj - provides annual debt outstanding figures from 1791 to the present. The model confirms that if government's and consumers' relative preferencesfor second period utility coincide, while at the same time the public cost of borrowing and the consumers' return on saving are identical, lump-sum taxation and public debt are equivalent methods of financing public input, The aim of this paper is to analyse fiscal policy in former Yugoslavian countries over the period 2001-2014. 0000004396 00000 n 0000030378 00000 n 0000133656 00000 n 0000136009 00000 n Furthermore, if the government cannot ex ante commit to a certain expenditure level, the difference between the government's and consumers' discount rate can also result into under- or over-provision of public inputs. As a result, state fiscal policy tends to mute economic booms to roughly the same degree it mitigates slowdowns. and state public debt is determined by law. Dahl M. (2015.a). endobj ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT NETWORKS IN THE CONTEXT OF ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT. 0000136746 00000 n 0000014127 00000 n Intergovernmental transfers (federal transfers to the states) are not associated with changes in gross state product, but they are pro-cyclically aligned with national gross domestic product, which could amplify the pro-cyclical behavior of sub-national expenditures. The aim of the article is to present a problem concerning the reasons for the formation of public debt and the budget deficit. However, if the public cost of borrowing and the consumers' return on saving do not match, debt financing similarly as capital taxation can depending on circumstances lead to under- or over-provision of public inputs in a small open economy. 0000133987 00000 n In the middle ages, borrowing was a rare event. Gospodarka Narodowa. 0000136441 00000 n other sources and causes of the public deficit. This paper introduces a new dataset on public debt which aims at capturing both the domestic and v����~LA��$��j�6. public debt and the related loss in long-run output under different assumptions regarding the con-sumption behaviour of households. 0000135879 00000 n Public Debt • Public debt is one of the important source of income to the government in times of financia crisis, emergencies like war, drought, etc. x��V�n�F}��G2 �{�� ]l7$��>yPZ6P�����wfI!�IZV��A�jw��̙�.�`4�?�>́��0�� ��q�� 8�)�+$� a[���p@3hB;���L(X=����00/��p g h�A�"������;q��Q�ɶ��]�*šT�ruW|�/��|��/�},�O���fYݗ���?+���X~+����!b�9M})�3�aq;�Z0�3������9�q��`���np?�����p�%��+,~.�s���s{ZVU����eYV'{.۞;�0��s���s9�FYcŅ�M�z%D�� D �Dn����'%>����~S�����ij�1����`�W�)��54~\�������S����1����'��)X�]yf�bB? 0000009318 00000 n - provides contributions to reduce the debt held by the public. 0000006575 00000 n Second, there is an ongoing debate on whether long-term bond yields are mainly driven by international or domestic factors. 1109 0 obj polskich przemian systemowych po 1989 roku, Dom Wydawniczy ELIPSA, Warszawa. METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT NETWORK IN AN ORGANIZATION. – provides accounting balances for receivables and data on debt collection activity. Ekonomska Istraživanja / Economic Research, patterns are still present, or if they have evolved in different ways over time. 0000135188 00000 n 0000136399 00000 n Dług publiczny -jego struktura, przyczyny, rozmiary i skutki. �)���˸��sqDJ�@���R#�H�l�����ã�B@�@g��,1\�w�+��� It consists in determining expendi-, or decreased by an indicator based on fore-, cial departments of individual ministries, substantive arguments as the needs of indi-, ment of individual ministries and the inter-, Budget planning is usually an annual plan-, ning, and the government's and Minister of, Finance's efforts rarely go beyond the gov-, • Incorrect division of competences and re-. ��T�����'e�'2����p���m�Ib�*M�BJŖ;�7}#!s/0�)(�c3j�eb��Ia����j�����+h�^��;Qa����%�۟�#���e� ��io���7LsyH�� ��O��- ɪXL����r��i&��.�TrO�r�L3��Ec���T%hd�]AKnqnu�f�6��G��8��~E���ʛ���3r�6 �5=H�x� K�R�T���}N��jKR�j��4ɶڱ(PIjn�E10 K3�3%��� This paper attempts to contribute to the literature on budget cyclicality by examining how sub-national fiscal revenues and expenditures are. Ordoliberalizm jako recepta na reformę kapitalizmu. %PDF-1.5 %���� 0000136703 00000 n 0000136051 00000 n 0000136660 00000 n

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